The Department of Chemistry was part of the original Faculty of Science at the Royal Khmer University, opening in 1964. From 1975-1980 classes ceased, as did all other forms of higher education in Cambodia. From 1980-1989, the department reopened as part of a teacher-training college, training future high-school chemistry teachers. In 1990, a Bachelor of Science in Chemistry was developed, with a new curriculum focusing on applied chemistry, to prepare students for a broader range of careers in the field.

The Department of Chemistry has received significant technical assistance from various volunteers from Ireland, America, France, Sweden and Australia. This has resulted in the development of hands-on laboratory courses, the donation of new equipment and the establishment of links with international universities and organizations. Recent developments and improvements within the Department of Chemistry include the:

Development of a biochemistry laboratory and structured course of experiments, funded by UNESCO;

Development of a new first-year course in General Chemistry, with the co-operation with the Japanese International Cooperation Agency (JICA), and the NGO, Maryknoll;

Donation of analytical instruments, and practical training workshops for chemistry lecturers offered by members of a group of former RUPP students now living in France, Amicale des Anciens Etudiants Khmers (AMANEK);

Master of Science in Chemistry course, beginning in February 2007, taught by a number of AMANEK members;

Introduction of student visits to the Pasteur Institute, Tiger Beer and Angkor Beer factories, as part of course work;

Donation of analytical instruments by Swedish pharmaceutical companies, coordinated by the Department of Applied Environmental Science at Stockholm University and facilitated by Maryknoll. This equipment has improved the quality of classes and research at RUPP;

Completion of the first departmental research project, investigating the presence of pesticide residues on vegetables in local markets.

Agreement with Maryknoll for long-term technical assistance and support for infrastructure improvement.

Annual funding for equipment from RCG through PAP.